What does the term metastasis refer to in cancer?

Metastasis is a term specifically used in oncology to describe the process by which cancer cells spread from the primary site, where the cancer originated, to other locations in the body. This can happen through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and the new growths that form in these distant organs or tissues are called metastatic tumors. This process is a critical concept in understanding cancer progression and treatment options, as metastatic cancer often has different prognoses and may require more complex treatment approaches compared to cancer that is still localized.

The other options do not accurately represent the definition of metastasis. Cancer confined to one body part refers to localized cancer, while the transformation of cells is related to the initial development of cancer rather than its spread. The removal of a tumor pertains to treatment methods and is not related to the idea of cancer spreading to other regions of the body. Understanding metastasis is essential for oncology navigation, as it influences patient care decisions, treatment planning, and prognosis discussions.